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Anton Docher (1852–1928) was a French Franciscan〔(20minutos )〕 Roman Catholic priest, missionary and defender of the Indians. He was born in 1852 in Le Crest, a small wine growing village of Puy de Dôme in Auvergne. He lived in the pueblo of Isleta in the state of New Mexico for 34 years. His French name was Antonin Jean Baptiste Docher (pronounced ɑ̃tɔnɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ batist dɔʃe ), but his American first name became Anton, and in the American literature he was sometimes called Antonin, Antonio, Anthony, Antoine, Antonine or Antonino. ==Biography== During his youth, Father Docher worked in the vineyards with his three brothers and his widowed mother.〔''The Indian Sentinel''.1913,p.41-43〕 At the age of 18, he became a student at the "Petit" Seminary of Saint Sauveur in Puy de Dôme, staying there for eight years. At the age of 27, during his first year studying philosophy in the "Grand" Seminary of Clermont-Ferrand, he was conscripted for military service and was sent to Africa〔〔The Guardian, Little Rock, Arkansas, 12 Jan 1929. P. 1-4〕 then to Cochinchina〔Keleher and Chant. ''The Padre of Isleta''. Sunstone Press, 2009, p. 24-26.〕 where he fought for five years in the colonial army, achieving the rank of sergeant. Docher was wounded and decorated for bravery, but his experiences led him to recognise the immorality of colonialism, which he later compared to the fate suffered by Native Americans.〔 Having contracted lung disease whilst in Africa he returned to the "Petit" Seminary as a Prefect. On October 21, 1887, he went to New Mexico where, after two years of additional studies, he was ordained as a priest in the Cathedral of Santa Fe by J.B. Salpointe.〔''The Indian Sentinel'', Volumes 7-10. Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions, 1927〕 He then served two more years in Bernalillo〔 and in Taos,〔Leo Crane. ''Desert Drums: The Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, 1540!1928''. Rio Grande Press, 1972.〕 before arriving in Isleta on December 28, 1891. The Indian village of Isleta is situated on the left bank of the Rio Grande, south of Albuquerque, being populated by Tiwa Indians of the Pueblo people. During his period in Isleta he also served as a priest in Laguna, Acoma,〔Willa Cather. ''Death Comes for the Archbishop''. Alfred Knopf, 1927, p. 110.〕 Los Lunas, and Peralta.〔Keleher and Chant. ''The Padre of Isleta''. Sunstone Press, 2009, p. 30-77.〕 In Los Lentes, in 1893, he acquired a massive ancient bell for the chapel which he put in a prominent central belfry.〔Jaramillo.''A Small History and Folklore – El Pueblo de San Antonio de Los Lentes New Mexico''. Los Lunas, San Clemente Parish, 1990.〕 "The Padre of Isleta" spent 34 years with the Indians. He was a very close friend of Adolph Bandelier,〔Keleher and Chant. ''The Padre of Isleta''. Sunstone Press, 2009, p. 41.〕〔''The Southwestern Journals of Adolph F. Bandelier: 1889!1892'', edited and annotated by Charles H. Lange, Carroll L. Riley, and Elizabeth M. Lange〕 Charles Fletcher Lummis〔Lummis in "The Indian Advocate",1 August 1905, p.241〕〔Keleher and Chant. ''The Padre of Isleta''. Sunstone Press, 2009, p.88.〕〔Lawrence Clark Powell. ''Southwest Classics: The Creative Literature of the Arid Lands: Essays on the Books and their Writers''. W. Ritchie Press, 1974 , p.47〕 and Pablo Abeita.〔Keleher and Chant. ''The Padre of Isleta''. Sunstone Press, 2009, p.88-93.〕 Like his friend Bandelier he collected Indian objects during this period (kachinas, pottery, basketry and weapons),〔Willa Cather. ''Death comes for the Archbishop''. Alfred Knopf, 1927, p.109.〕 some of which have been preserved by the Docher and Morvan families. Respected by the Natives Americans for his open-minded attitude to their customs and ancestral faiths (quite normal with friends such as Lummis and Bandelier),〔Keleher and Chant. ''The Padre of Isleta''. Sunstone Press, 2009, p. 46-49.〕〔Tisa Joy Wenger. ''We Have a Religion: The 1920s Pueblo Indian Dance Controversy and American Religious Freedom'', p.52〕 he was called "Tashide" which means "little helper" in Tewa language.〔Keleher and Chant. ''The Padre of Isleta''. Sunstone Press, 2009, p.37.〕 He was also well known to have owned a parrot named Tina which used very foul language,〔Samuel Gance. ''Anton ou la trajectoire d'un père''. L'Harmattan, 2013, p.165/190.〕〔Keleher and Chant. ''The Padre of Isleta''. Sunstone Press, 2009, p. 83-87.〕〔Willa Cather, John Joseph Murphy, David Stouck, Frederick M. Link. ''Shadows on the Rock''〕 and a beautiful and luxuriant garden.〔Emma Franklin Estabrook.''Ancient lovers of peace''.1959, p. 57-58.〕 During his long stay to Isleta, he met celebrities of this time like the royal family of Belgium, Willa Cather and George Wharton James among others. Father Docher raised an Isletan orphan boy named Tomas Chavez and when as a man Tomas took a wife, named Lolita Delores, Father Docher gave the couple five acres and a house in Los Lunas as a wedding gift. Tomas developed a vineyard on this land and supplied wine to the Isleta and local churches. Tomas died in 1925, three years before the Father himself. Lolita Delores was left with nine children, and Father Docher paid for two girls, Stella and Margaret, to attend the Sisters of Loretto Orphanage. Very proud to have been granted American citizenship, Docher described himself as an "Indian" in the letters which he sent to his family. In September 1912, he presided over the funeral mass of Solomon Luna, powerful businessman and politician of New Mexico, found mysteriously dead in his ranch on August 30, 1912. The mass took place at the Immaculate Conception church of Albuquerque because the parish church Los Lunas was far too small to accommodate the large crowd in attendance.〔Richard Meltzer. ''King Solomons Mysterious Demise''. New Mexico State Record Center and Archives, 2004–2011〕 On October 26, 1919, he was decorated with the Belgium Order of Leopold by King Albert I, who visited the village of Isleta with his Queen Elisabeth and Prince Leopold.〔Keleher and Chant. ''The Padre of Isleta''. Sunstone Press, 2009, p. 94.〕 In return Father Docher presented the King with a beautiful turquoise cross mounted in silver, and a silver sword made by the Indians.〔W.A. Keleher.''The Indian sentinel''.1920,vol.2. p.24〕 10 000 persons journeyed to Isleta for the occasion. In 1923, Father Anton Docher undertook a major remodeling of the San Agustín de la Isleta Mission (previously named San Antonio de Isleta),〔Frank D. Reeve,''History of New Mexico'', Volume 1. Lewis Historical Publishing Co.1961 , p.152-153.〕 constructing prominent spires on the adobe walls.〔Christopher Vecsey. ''On the Padres' Trail''. University of Notre Dame Press, 1996 , p.182.〕 He also constructed a sloping roof in order to avoid the water leaks which destroyed the altar constantly.〔〔Guggino, Patty. "Los Lentes". New Mexico State Record Center and Archives.〕 The mission has now been restored to a more "traditional" frame. Father Docher spent the last three years of his life as a patient at the St Joseph Hospital (Albuquerque) and died at the age of 76 on December 18, 1928. Albert Daeger, archbishop of Santa Fe, presided the mass of funeral in the church of Isleta(see photo below). Father Docher is now buried by the side of Father Juan de Padilla in Isleta.〔Keleher and Chant. ''The Padre of Isleta''. Sunstone Press, 2009, p.108-109.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anton Docher」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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